The twelve principles underpinning the Agile Manifesto, emphasizing iterative development, customer collaboration, and adaptive planning.

Principles behind the Agile Manifesto

The Agile Manifesto, published in 2001 by seventeen software developers, articulated a set of values and principles for software development that prioritize individuals and interactions over processes, working software over documentation, customer collaboration over contract negotiation, and responding to change over following a plan.

The twelve principles behind the manifesto include:

  1. Satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software
  2. Welcome changing requirements, even late in development
  3. Deliver working software frequently, with a preference for shorter timescales
  4. Business people and developers must work together daily
  5. Build projects around motivated individuals and trust them to get the job done
  6. Face-to-face conversation is the most effective method of communication
  7. Working software is the primary measure of progress
  8. Sustainable development — sponsors, developers, and users should maintain a constant pace
  9. Continuous attention to technical excellence and good design
  10. Simplicity — the art of maximizing the amount of work not done
  11. Self-organizing teams produce the best architectures, requirements, and designs
  12. Regular reflection on how to become more effective, then adjust accordingly

These principles have since been adopted and adapted well beyond software development, informing organizational design, education, and community governance.

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